Introduction:

Food poisoning is an acute gastroenteritis caused by the consumption of a food material or a drink that contains the pathogenic micro organism or their toxins or toxic chemicals.Food poisoning is common in hostels,hotels,communal feedings, and festivel seasons.

A cluster of persons will be affected with same sort of symptoms ,and they give a history of consumption of a common food before few hours.

Types of food poisoning

1) Bacterial food poisoning:

Here the micro organisms referred to as bacteria are responsible.The food material might contain the pathogenic bacteriae or their toxin and will be ingested together with the food.

two) Non bacterial food poisoning:

Because of the presence of toxic chemicals like fertilizers,insectisides,heavy metals and ect.

Since bacterial food poisoning is common it is discussed here.

Bacterial food poisoning:

All bacteria aren’t harmful.There are some pathogenic bacteria which secrete toxins and cause clinical manifestations.These organisms enter {the human body} through food articles or drinks.

How food poisoning occures:

1) Presence of bacteria within the water.

two) The raw materials for the food could contain toxins.

three) Premises where the food is prepared might contain micro organisms or toxins.

4) Food handlers could have some infectious diseases.

5) Some animals like dogs,rats may contaminate the food.

6) If ready food is kept in the area temperature for a while and heated once more can make a likelihood for food poisoning.

seven) Purposely some body mixing toxins in the food.

Some common bacterial food poisonings.

one) Salmonella food poisoning:

There are 3 totally different types of salmonella bacteria.(salmonella typhimurium,salmonella cholera suis,salmonella enteritidis) These bacteria are present in milk, milk product and eggs.  Symptoms of this food poisoning embody nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.  Fever is also common.

a pair of) Botulism:

This is often the damaging kind of food poisoning caused by clostridium botulinum.   The spores of these organisms are seen within the soil and enters {the human body} through pickles and canned fish ect.Compared to other food poisonings here vomiting and diarrhoea are rare Mainly the nervous system is affected.The symptoms starts with double vision,numbness with weakness.Later there will be paralysis with cardiac and respiratory failure ending in death.

3) Staphylococcal food poisoning:

It’s caused by staphylo coccus aureus. These organisms typically cause skin troubles like boils and eruptions.It causes mastitis in cow.Through the milk and milk product it enders and causes gastroenteritis.There will be vomiting,abdominal cramps with diarrhoea.

four) Closteridium food poisoning:

This is often caused by closteridium perfringens.They are gift in stool,soil and water. They enter the body through,meat,meat dishes and egg ect.If food articles are cooked and kept in room temperature for a while and heated again before eating can result this food poisoning.Symptoms embody vomiting ,diarrhoea and abdominal cramps.

5) Bacillus cereus:

The spores of those organisms can survive cooking and causes enteritis.  Diarrhoea and vomiting is common in this infection.

How to investigate food poisoning?

1) Examine each and each person affected.

2) Water sample should be tested.

3) Kitchen, store space and food samples ought to be examined.

four) The cook and food handlers should be questioned and examined.

5) Samples of vomitus and stool of all victims ought to be tested to identify the bacteria.

How to prevent food poisoning:-

1) Only purified water should be used.

a pair of) Hygiene ought to be maintained by all persons keeping contact with food.

three) Staff should use masks, cap and gloves during cooking and serving.

4) Sick individuals ought to not come in touch with food materials.

5) Kitchen and premises ought to be neat and clean.

5) Vessels should be washed with soap and hot water.

vi) Should not keep the prepared food for a long time in room temperature.

seven) All food materials ought to be kept in closed containers.

eight) Animals like dog, cat, rat ect should not come up-to-date with food materials.

nine) Vegetables ought to be washed before cooking.

10) Meat ought to be fresh and should be purchased from recognised slaughter house.

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